鹰潭地区住院老年患者贫血情况的调查及其临床分析

Investigation and clinical analysis of anemia in hospitalized elderly patients in Yingtan Area

目的调查鹰潭地区住院老年患者贫血的发生情况,并行病因探讨。方法回顾性分析鹰潭市人民医院2014年1~6月住院的5632例老年(≥60岁)患者,筛选出850例贫血老年患者,对其临床资料进行统计分析。结果老年贫血占同期住院老年人数的15.1%,其中轻度贫血78.8%,中度贫血18.0%,重度贫血占3.2%;贫血的发生随年龄的增高而升高。恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、肾脏疾病、消化系统疾病、心血管系统疾病是合并老年贫血发生的前5位病因。结论住院老年人贫血发生率偏高,但多为轻度贫血,症状多被原发疾病所掩盖,多不被医师和患者重视。急慢性炎症、消化道肿瘤、肾脏疾病是导致住院老年患者贫血的三大主要因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia among elderly hospitalized patients in Yingtan City,and to explore the causes of anemia.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among all elderly （≥60 years old） pa- tients in Yingtan People＇s Hospital from January to June in 2014.850 cases of 5632 patient samples were diagnosed with anemia.Based on these inpatient samples,and the clinical data were analyzed statistically.Results The prevalence of anemia in all elderly patients was 15.1%,while 78.8% of those were diagnosed as mild anemia,18.0% were moderate and 3.2% were severe.The incidence of anemia increased with age.The top five pathogenesis of anemia in elderly hos- pitaJized patients was found as malignancy,respiratory system disease,kidney disease,digestive system disease and ear- diovascular system disease respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of anemia among elderly inpatients is high,the ma- jority is mild.Furthermore,the symptoms of anemia coexist with primary diseases and sometimes are obscured,therefore, anemia is usually ignored or neglected by patients and clinicians.Acute or chronic inflammation,gastrointestinal tumor, kidney disease are the three main factors lead to anemia among hospitalized elderly patients.