野生葛氏鲈塘鳢营养成分及能量密度的季节变化

Seasonal Changes of Nutritional Components and Energy Density of Wild Perccottus glenii

[目的]研究野生葛氏鲈塘鳢(Perccottus glenii)鱼体的营养成分及能量密度的季节变化规律。[方法]2013年10月至2014年9月逐月采集松花江哈尔滨段野生葛氏鲈塘鳢50尾,通过营养学分析方法测定了鱼体的营养成分和能量密度的变化。[结果]野生葛氏鲈塘鳢的水分含量为76.95%~80.63%,灰分含量为1.51%~1.97%,粗脂肪含量为2.00%~2.57%,粗蛋白含量为13.37%~16.62%,能量密度为19.66~21.60 kJ/g。冬季葛氏鲈塘鳢的粗蛋白含量显著低于春季和夏季(P<0.05),而水分、灰分和粗脂肪含量没有显著的季节变化(P>0.05)。能量密度在冬季最低,夏季最高(P<0.05)。[结论]冬季野生葛氏鲈塘鳢的粗蛋白含量和能量密度最低,可能与其越冬期间大量消耗蛋白质和能量有关。

[Objective] To study the seasonal changes of nutritional components and energy density of wild Perccottus glenii.[Method] 50 heads of wild P.glenii were collected from Songhua River in Harbin from October of 2013 to September of 2014.The nutritional components and energy density changes of wild P.glenii were determined by nutritional analysis method.[Result] The water content in wild P.glenii was76.95%-80.63%.The crude ash content in wild P.glenii was 1.51%-1.97%.The crude fat content in wild P.glenii was 2.00%-2.57%.The crude protein content in wild P.glenii was 13.37%-16.62%.The energy density in wild P.glenii was 19.66-21.60 kJ/g.The crude protein content in winter was significantly lower than that in spring and summer（P 0.05）.There was no significant difference of water content,crude ash content and crude fat content（P 0.05）.The energy density in winter was the lowest,and that in summer was the highest（P 0.05）.[Conclusion]The crude content and energy density in wild P.glenii in winter were both the lowest,which might be caused by more protein and energy density of wild P.glenii in overwintering period.