基于振动模态的数控铣床底座的结构优化设计

Structural Optimization Design of CNC Milling Machine Base Based on Vibration Mode

针对数控铣床底座隔振问题,应用有限元法,建立了数控铣床底座的力学仿真模型,结合模态数值分析,对数控铣床底座进行静力分析和结构优化设计。在满足其结构强度、刚度以及稳定性的前提下,以降低生产成本,提高加工精度为目的,对某数控机床厂的定梁式高速数控铣床底座进行结构分析及优化,使得优化后数控铣床底座的最大位移值降低了46.68%,前5阶固有频率提高了10%~15%,从而提高了隔振减振的效果。对数控铣床底座隔振的问题从结构优化上做了探索和尝试,也为数控铣床的隔振效果研究奠定了坚实的基础。

In this paper, the problem of vibration isolation of the base of CNC machining center is discussed. The model of the base is established with finite element method. Aiming at reducing the production cost and improving the machining precision, under the enough condition of the structural strength, stiffness and stability, the crossbeam of CNC machining center is optimized. Based on finite element analysis results, the crossbeam structure is put forward optimization. The quality of different volume before and after the optimization scheme and the optimization of the crossbeam are compared. The lightweight design of the crossbeam is broadly used in engineering application. The results of finite element analysis show that under the enough condition of the structural strength, stiffness and stability of the crossbeam, the weight and volume of the crossbeam are reduced to some extent. Through the finite element analysis of the crossbeam and the lightweight design of the structure, the weight of the crossbeam is reduced and the processing material is saved.