四城市中小学生睡眠状况与家庭环境的相关性

Correlation analysis of sleep status and family environment of students from primary and secondary schools in four cities

目的了解沈阳、广州、武汉、成都4座城市中小学生睡眠状况及其与家庭环境关系,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,对沈阳市、广州市、武汉市、成都市10 079名中小学生及其家长睡眠情况进行问卷调查。结果四城市中小学生平均睡眠时间为(7.8±1.5)h,78.7%的学生睡眠不足,且随着学段升高学生睡眠时间逐渐减少(F=2 342.243,P<0.01)。初中生睡眠不足的比例最高(78.8%),女生睡眠不足的比例(76.1%)高于男生(72.4%),城市(75.6%)高于郊区(71.6%),家长睡眠不足的学生更容易睡眠不足。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学段、学生性别、家长年龄、家长文化程度、家庭居住地、家长睡眠状况均是中小学生睡眠不足的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论我国四城市中小学生睡眠时间少,睡眠不足的现象较为普遍,学段、家庭环境对学生睡眠状况有一定的影响。

Objective To study sleep status of primary and secondary school students in four cities and effects of their fam- ily environment, and to provide basis for developing appropriate interventions. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to recruit subjects. A total of 10 079 primary and secondary students and their parents selected from Shenyang, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Chengdu received a questionnaire survey to collect information about sleep status. Results The average sleeping time of primary and middle school students in the four cities was（ 7.8± 1.5） h, and the rate of insufficient sleeping was 78.7%; Sleeping time was gradually decreased with the school stage increasing（ F = 2. 342. 243, P〈0.01）. The rate of insufficient sleeping in junior high school students was highest, and the rate of girls （76.1%） was higher than boys（72.4%）, the urban was higher than the suburbs. Students were more likely to sleep less if their parents were lack of sleep. The influencing factors of the insufficient sleeping of primary and secondary school students included school stage, parents＂ age, parents＂ educational level, family residence and parents＂ sleep condition（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The insufficient sleeping of primary and secondary school students are common in four cities. In addition to the influence of the school stage, the family environment has a certain influence on the students＂ sleeping.