基于“湿岛”效应的六盘山自然保护区降水差异影响分析

Analysis of Precipitation Difference in Liupan Mountain Nature Reserve Based on "Wet Island" Effect

选取1975—2015年六盘山自然保护区附近各气象站和保护区内外自动气象观测站的降水资料,利用EXCEL、SPSS统计软件,统计保护区各站多年降水量平均值,并对比分析不同观测站点的降水差异。结果表明,保护区降水量的分布受地形影响很大,夏季东坡迎风坡比西坡北风坡降水量多;降水量分布有南多北少和东多西少的特点。在海拔2 600 m以下地区是随着地势增高而降水量增多,在2 600 m以上地区随地势增高而降水量减少。降水有明显的季节特征,夏秋多、冬春少。

The precipitation data were collected from the meteorological stations near the Liupan Mountain nature reserve and the automatic meteorological stations of nature reserve inside and outside during 1975-2015.The average annual precipitation of the stations in the nature reserve was statistically and the difference in precipitation between different observation sites were analyzed.The results showed that the distribution of precipitation in reserve was greatly influenced by the terrain.The precipitation of east slope windward in summer was more than that in the north slope of west slope.Precipitation distribution had the characteristics of south more and north less and east more and west less.In the area below 2 600 m,the precipitation increased with the increase of the terrain,and the precipitation decreased with the increase of the terrain above 2 600 m.Precipitation had obvious seasonal characteristics,summer and autumn more,winter and spring less.