自贡市4116例孕妇妊娠相关焦虑变化及其影响因素分析

Changes of Pregnancy-related Anxiety and Its Influencing Factors in 4116 cases of Pregnant Women in Zigong City

[目的]探讨自贡市4116例孕妇妊娠相关焦虑变化及其影响因素。[方法]选取在本院产科建卡并定期检查的孕妇4116例，根据孕妇的焦虑评分将孕妇分为焦虑组和非焦虑组，比较两组孕妇的一般资料和临床资料，分析妊娠妇女焦虑的影响因素，多因素分析妊娠妇女焦虑的独立影响因素。[结果]4116例孕妇中共有603例合并焦虑，焦虑的发生率为14．7％（603／4116）。单因素分析显示年龄分布、家庭收入、有吸烟史、有饮酒史、婚姻状况、流产史、计划内怀孕、胎儿性别期盼、确定分娩方式、合并遗产性疾病、主观担心胎儿健康均为孕妇妊娠期间产生焦虑的影响因素；多因素分析显示有吸烟史、有饮酒史、婚姻状况、流产史、计划内怀孕、胎儿性别期盼、主观担心胎儿健康均为孕妇妊娠期间产生焦虑的独立影响因素。[结论]有吸烟史、有饮酒史、未婚妇女妊娠、合并流产史、计划外怀孕、胎儿性别期盼、主观担心胎儿健康均为孕妇妊娠期间产生焦虑的危险因素，在妊娠期间对不同状况的孕妇给予对症心理干预，可有效的降低孕妇妊娠期间焦虑发生率。

[Objective] To investigate changes of pregnancy-related anxiety and its influencing factors in 4116 cases of pregnant women in Zigong City. [Methods]A total of 4116 cases of pregnant women who pos- sessed obstetric cards with regular inspection in our hospital were recruited for this research. Subjects were di vided into an anxiety group and a non-anxiety group according to maternal anxiety scoring. We analyzed the general information, clinical data and anxiety-influencing factors in the two groups of pregnant women to de- termine the independent influencing factors. [Results]There were 603 anxiety cases in a total of 4116 pregnant women, and the incidence rate was 14.7%. Age distribution, family income, smoking and drinking history, marital status, history of abortion, planned pregnancy, fetal gender expectation, determine the mode of delivery, worries of inherited diseases and health status of the fetus were influencing factors of anxiety in pregnant women determined by single factor analysis. Multiple-factor analysis showed that smoking and drinking histo- ry, marital status, history of abortion, planned pregnancy, fetal gender expectation, worries of inherited dis- eases and health status of the fetus were the independent influencing factors of anxiety in pregnant women. [Conclusion]Smoking and drinking history, marital status, history of abortion, planned pregnancy, fetal gen der expectation and worries of inherited diseases and health status of the fetus were the independent influencing factors of anxiety in pregnant women. Pregnant women with different anxiety-influencing factors should be given different psychological intervention to effectively reduce the incidence of anxiety during pregnancy.