梅尼埃病患者半规管损伤频率特征分析

Frequency characteristics of the semicicular canals damage in patients with Meniere disease

目的评估梅尼埃病患者半规管损伤及其损伤的频率特征。方法对67例梅尼埃病患者进行检测半规管低频区功能的冷热试验（calorictest，CT）、检测半规管中频区功能的摇头试验（headshakingtest，HST）和检测半规管高频区功能的视频头脉冲试验（videoheadimpulsetest，vHIT）。以CT单侧半规管反应非对称值（unilateralweakness，uW）、HST诱发摇头眼震（headshakingnystagmus，HSN）、vHIT的增益值（video—headimpulsetestgain，vHIT—G）为指标，分析梅尼埃病患者i项试验的结果特点。应用SPSS17．0统计软件分析处理试验数据，分析三项试验结果的特点及其相互关系，组问阳性率比较采用0检验。结果梅尼埃病CT、HST和vHITi项试验异常阳性率分别为70．1％（47／67）、41．8％（28／67）和23．9％（16／67）。CT异常阳性率分别与HST及vHIT比较，差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为10．93、28．79；P值分别为0．001、0．000）。HST异常阳性率与vHIT比较，差异有统计学意义（x2=4．87，P=0．027）。结论梅尼埃病患者半规管功能损伤主要发生在低频区。低频功能易受损，而中频、高频功能保留或许是梅尼埃病的特征性表现。

Objective To evaluate semicircular canal damage and its frequency characteristics in Meniere disease patients. Methods Sixty-seven Meniere disease patients accepted the video-head impulse test（vHIT） which responses to semicircular canal function of high frequency area, head shaking test（HST） which responses to semicircular canal function of middle frequency area, and calorie test （ CT ） which responses to semicircular canal function of low frequency area. Preferences were recorded including the video head impulse test gain （vHIT-G）, head shaking nystagmus （HSN） and parameters of the unilateral weakness （UW） as observation index, and results of all the three tests were analyzed according to Meniere disease patients. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyzed the data. Results The positive rate of CT,HSN and vHIT were 70.1% （47/67） , 41.8% （28/67） and 23.9% （16/67） respectively. Comparation of the positive rate among CT, HST and vHIT showed statistically significant difference （ X2 = 10.93, P = 0. 001 ; ;（2 = 28.79, P = 0. 000 ）. Comparation of the positive rate between HST and vHIT showed statistically significant difference （ X2 = 4. 87, P = 0. 027 ）. Conclusions Semicircular canal function damage in Meniere disease patients mainly presents in the low frequency area, which indicates a characteristic phenomenon that low-frequency function area （caloric test results） is more predisposed to be involved than that of middle-frequency function area （ head shaking testing） and high-frequency function area （ video head impulse testing） in Meniere disease patients.