中国西北五省对外贸易竞争力比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Foreign Trade Competitiveness of the Five Provinces in Northwestern China

本文以2012-2015年中国西北五省:陕西、新疆、青海、甘肃、宁夏的对外贸易数据为基础,分析西北五省对外贸易现状,进而基于因子分析测算五省区的贸易竞争力水平。横向比较结果显示,陕西、新疆贸易竞争力较强,青海、甘肃、宁夏三省贸易竞争力水平偏低,对外贸易欠发达;纵向比较结果显示,五个省份在过去的四年中唯独陕西贸易竞争力逐年提升,除外贸依存度低于新疆外,在外贸规模、外贸结构、外贸发展潜力等方面的优势日益凸显,其他四省贸易竞争力均呈现不同程度的波动下降趋势。最后,本文根据分析结果就丝绸之路经济带建设带来的机遇下不断提升西北五省对外贸易竞争力提出相关建议。

This paper,based on the foreign trade data from 2012 to 2015 of the five provinces: Shaanxi,Xinjiang,Qinghai,Gansu,Ningxia in Northwestern of China,describes the current situation of foreign trade and uses factor analysis to measure foreign trade competitiveness in northwest five provinces. the transverse comparison results show that Shaanxi and Xinjiang's trade competitiveness is relatively strong. Qinghai,Gansu and Ningxia is less developed in Foreign trade,the level of foreign trade competitiveness of which is low. The vertical comparison results show that in the past four years only Shaanxi's trade competitiveness increased year by year. In addition to foreign trade dependence which is lower than Xinjiang,Shaanxi has advantages in terms of foreign trade size,foreign trade structure and foreign trade development potential compared to the other four provinces,the trade competitiveness of which has showed a downward trend of fluctuations in varying degrees. Finally,according to the analysis results,this paper puts forward some suggestions on improving the foreign trade competitiveness of the five provinces in Northwest of China under the opportunity of the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt.