扎坝走婚形式的变化及其原因分析

The Changes and Reasons in the Form of Walking Marriages in Zhaba

"走婚"一词是早期学者们在研究摩梭人走访制度时创建的一个描述当地特殊的婚姻形态的汉语词汇,他们将类似于摩梭人婚姻形态的婚姻形态统称为走婚[1]。走婚是四川省甘孜州道孚县扎坝地区最主要的婚姻形态,"热作依兹"是扎坝人对走婚的自称。随着时间的推移,受到计划生育政策、经济发展水平、教育水平、交通条件等因素的影响,扎坝地区的走婚形式发生了新的变化:走婚与经济的联系更加紧密;受感情、经济水平、家庭情况、自身健康状况等因素影响,走婚的关系即稳定又不稳定;走婚对象以及婚姻形式都在变化;走婚制被淡化,走婚与对偶婚和嫁娶婚相融合形成一种新式走婚制。

The term ＂walking marriage＂ is a description of the special local form of marriage vocabulary which is created by early scholars in the study of the Mosuo people, they named the marriage form of Mosuo as working Marriage. Walking marriage is Ganzi Daofu Zhaba region＇s main form of marriage, Zhaba people call the marriage ＂Re Zuo Yi Zi＂. Over time, the form of new changes of the marriage took place in the Zhaba area by the impact of family planning policy, the level of economic development, the level of education, traffic conditions and other factors： Relation between walking marriage and economics become closer; Affecting by the emotional, economic level, family situation, their health status, the marriage relationship becomes stable and unstable; walking marriage heterosexual couples and forms of marriage are changing; walking marriage system is diluted, walking marriage with the pairing marriage and marriage merged into a new walking marriage system.