多层泡沫铝夹芯板的抗爆性能

Blast-resistance Performances of Multilayers Aluminum Foam Sandwich Panels

泡沫铝是一种具有优异吸能性能的多功能材料,多层泡沫铝和钢板组成的夹层具有良好的抗爆能力。为了研究不同密度泡沫铝排序对夹芯板抗爆能力的影响,选取相对密度分别为13%、16.7%、20.4%的三种泡沫铝组成九种不同结构的排列方式。利用LS-DYNA软件进行了爆炸过程的数值模拟,并且对部分结构进行了爆炸作用实验。结果表明,实验和数值模拟结果吻合较好。在爆炸载荷作用下,泡沫铝的变形可以分为三种模式,即弹性变形、塑性变形和胞壁断裂的致密变形;泡沫铝密度递减结构的底板横向挠度比泡沫铝密度递增结构小;并且在同样的爆炸载荷作用下,泡沫铝密度递减结构的透射波强度只有密度递增结构的31.6%;这表明泡沫铝按照密度递减的顺序排列能够提高整体结构的抗爆能力。

Aluminum foams are multifunctional materials possessing excellent energy absorption properties,and the sandwich composed of multi-layers aluminum foam and steel panels possesses excellent resisting blast ability.In order to study the effect of arrangement sequence of aluminum foam with different densities on the resisting blast ability of sandwich panels,the three aluminum foams which relative densities were 13.0%,16.7%,20.4% respectively were selected to compose nine kinds of arrangement modes with different structures. The numerical simulation of blasting process was performed by LS-DYNA softwar,the blast action experiments for parts of the structure were carried out. The results show that the results of experiment and simulation are in accordance with each other. Under the action of blast loading,the deformation of aluminum foam can be divided into three kinds of modes,namely elastic deformation,plastic deformation and densification deformation with cell wall rupture. Transverse deflection of the baseplate of aluminum foam density decreasing structure is smaller than that of the baseplate of aluminum foam density increasing structure,and the trasmission wave strength of aluminum foam density decreasing structure is only 31.6% of the density increasing structure under the same blast loading action,which indicates that the aluminum foam arranged in order of density decreasing can improve the blast-resistance ability of the whole structure.