论“强制阐释”之后的当代中国文论重建

On the Reconstruction of Contemporary Chinese Literary Theory after “Mandatory Interpretation”

对于"强制阐释"之后的当代中国文论的建设发展,尽管目前有所谓"回归文学论"和"回归传统论"的重建思路与主张,但两种思路与主张都存在着理论构建的封闭取向及误区,并远离了具体的文学实践,而这也使它们终究没能走出强制阐释的理论困境。当代中国文论的重建要走出强制阐释的理论困境,就必须从其认识论根源入手,回归到实践这个根本出发点上来,从当代中国具体的文学实践活动出发,坚持应有的学科性质与中国话语构建,并处理好与其他学科理论和西方文学理论的关系,从而既克服张江先生批判的当代西方文论那样直接征用场外理论而造成的文学研究对象的偏离和当代中国文论话语自身构建的不足,又避免所谓"回归文学论"和"回归传统论"的重建思路与主张将文学视为自足的研究对象和在自我封闭中与西方文学理论对立起来而出现的重建误区,以推动当代中国文论的建设发展与理论创新。

With regard to the development of the contemporary Chinese literary theory after ＂mandatory interpreta- tion＂, although there are the thinking and proposals to rebuilt the so-called ＂returning to literature＂ theory and ＂returning to tradition＂ theory, the former or the latter both have presented the close tendency and misunderstanding of theory con- struction, then they eventually keep away from concrete literary practice, which also makes them ultimately fail to get out of the theoretical predicament of mandatory interpretation. If the reconstruction of contemporary Chinese literary theory wants to get out of the theoretical predicament, it must start from the root of mandatory interpretation＇s epistemology, which means returning to the basic starting point, namely practice. The contemporary literary theory should insist in the necessary subject＇s nature and the construction of Chinese discourse right on the basic of contemporary Chinese concrete practical ac- tivities of literature during the theory construction. At the meantime, it should properly deal with their relationship with oth- er subject theory and Western literary theory, which not only help to overcome the deviation of literature study object be- cause of direct expropriation of contemporary western literary theory what was criticized by Zhang Jiang and to overcome contemporary Chinese literary theory＇s own lack of discourse construction, but also help to avoid the thinking and proposal to rebuilt the so-called ＂returning to literature＂ theory and ＂returning to tradition＂ theory to regard the literature as self-suffi- cient study object and form the opposition to western literary theory in a state of self-enclosed, then to break the above the- oretical errors and the predicament of mandatory interpretation, to promote the development and theoretical innovation of contemporary Chinese literary theory.