叶片黄化金柑植株的叶片及土壤矿质营养含量分析

Mineral nutrients analysis in leaves and soils of Fortunella crassifolia Swingle with leaf etiolation

【目的】考察金柑果园发生叶片黄化植株的叶片及土壤矿质营养状况,为合理施肥、均衡树体养分及保障金柑丰产稳产提供参考依据。【方法】测定广西阳朔金柑产区5个果园金柑叶片黄化和正常植株的叶片及相应土壤的10种矿质营养含量,并进行矿质营养差异性和相关性分析。【结果】叶片黄化金柑植株叶片中的氮、磷、镁和铁含量低于适宜范围,且分别显著低于叶片正常植株16.60%、33.33%、40.72%和54.64%(P<0.05,下同);叶片黄化植株土壤中的镁含量低于适宜范围,且显著低于叶片正常植株土壤52.63%。相关性分析结果表明,金柑叶片的叶绿素含量与叶片氮、磷和铁含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),与镁含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤中镁含量呈极显著正相关。【结论】金柑叶片黄化是由叶片缺乏氮、磷、镁和铁及土壤中缺镁所引起,属于综合缺素症。

【Objective】The present study investigated mineral nutrients in leaves and soils of Fortunella crassifolia Swingle with leaf etiolation,so as to provide reference for rational fertilization,balancing tree nutrition and ensuring high and stable yield. 【Method】Taking F. crassifolia Swingle as experimental materials,the contents of ten mineral nutrients in both leaves and soils of trees with etiolated leaves or normal leaves in five orchards in Yangshuo county were measured,and the differences and correlations were analyzed. 【Result】Nitrogen,phosphorus,magnesium and iron contents in leaves of the trees with etiolated leaves were lower compared with the suitable range, and were 16.60%,33.33%,40.72% and 54.64% significantly lower than those in leaves of the trees with normal leaves respectively（P〈0.05,the same below）;also, magnesium content in soils of the trees with etiolated leaves were lower compared with the suitable range, and were 52.63% lower than that in soils of the trees with normal leaves,the difference was significant. Correlation analysis indicated that there was significantly positive correlation between chlorophyll content in leaves and nitrogen, phosphorus and iron contents（P〈0.01, the same below）; chlorophyll content in leaves was positively correlated with magnesium content（P〈0.05）; significantly positive correlation between chlorophyll content in leaves and magnesium content in soils was detected. 【Conclusion】Leaf etiolation is caused by lack of nitrogen,phosphorus,magnesium and iron in leaves and lack of magnesium in soils. Therefore, it is a comprehensive deficiency of mineral nutrients.