吐鲁番市浅层地下水功能区划分

Functional division of shallow groundwater in Turpan City

为了对吐鲁番市地下水进行合理利用与保护管理,以全国地下水功能区划分技术大纲为基本依据,结合吐鲁番市的水循环特点、水文地质条件、地下水开发利用现状及生态环境保护需求,确定了地下水各功能区的划分依据,将吐鲁番市浅层地下水划分为开发区、保护区和保留区3类地下水一级功能区,根据地下水主导功能进一步划分为集中式供水水源区、分散式开发利用区、生态脆弱区、地下水水源涵养区、不宜开采区和储备区6类地下水二级功能区。对各二级功能区现状进行评价,表明分散式开发利用区超采情况较为严重,是未来地下水管理的重点对象。本着从严管理地下水功能区的原则,从水质、水量和水位3方面明确了各功能区的保护目标。最后从地下水开采总量控制、坎儿井保护、地下水监测体系完善与健全等方面提出了地下水功能区管理措施及相关建议。

This paper formulates the divisional basis of various groundwater functional areas for reasonable utilization, management, and conservation of groundwater in Turpan City. based on technical guidelines of China＇ s nationwide division with consideration of water cycle, hydro-geological nature, groundwater exploitation situation, and eco-environmental conservation demands. Shallow groundwater is divided into the following three types of areas with first-class functions： the developing area, the conservation area, and reserve area. Six sub-class functional areas are further divided as follows： the centralized drinking water area, the distributed exploitation area, ecologically vulnerable area, groundwater conservation area, unavailable exploitation area, and reserve area. The situations of various sub-class functional areas are evaluated. The results indicate that the distributed exploitation area, which has been exploited excessively, should be a focus in future groundwater management. Based on the principle of strict management of groundwater functional areas, the targets of various functional areas are determined with water quality, water quantity, and water level taken into account. Management measures and suggestions are put forward in regard to total water quantity control, Karez conservation, and the improvement of groundwater monitoring system.