简述电动汽车SOC估算方法

Methods of State of Charge Estimation of Electric Vehicle

随着能源危机和环境污染问题日益严重,发展电动汽车成为我国汽车工业发展的主要方向,由于电动汽车电池性能的好坏决定了整车动力性和经济性等性能,因此对电动汽车电池的研究具有重要的意义。电池荷电状态(SOC)作为电池的主要性能指标,测量的准确性很大程度上影响着汽车性能的好坏。文章主要介绍了安时积分法、内阻法、开路电压法、模糊逻辑控制及卡尔曼滤波算法的发展历程和估算方法,分析了各种方法的实现原理、优缺点及目前应用的情况等,结果表明,在实际应用中,应该依靠试验数据提高软硬件技术,以保证策略的准确性和建立准确的电池模型,才能提高SOC的估算精度。

As the energy crisis and environmental pollution problem is increasingly serious, developing electric vehicles become the main development direction of automobile industry in our country, the battery performance decides whether automobile power and economic performance is good or not, therefore, the study of the electric vehicle battery is of great significance. SOC as the main index of battery, the accurate measure affects the automobile performance. This paper introduces the history and estimation method in Ah-integration, internal impedance method, open circuit voltage, fuzzy logic control and Kalman fihing, and describes the principle of each method, their advantage, disadvantage and the current status. The results show that we should rely on the experimental date, improve the hardware and software technology to ensure the accuracy of the strategy, establish accurate battery model, and to improve the estimate precision of SOC.