论普鲁塔克的叙述立场——以《对传·菲洛波埃蒙与弗拉米尼努斯传》为中心

Plutarch’s Narrative Bias in the Lives of Philopoemen and Flamininus

普鲁塔克《对传》叙述中展现着较为明显的希腊立场,尤以《菲洛波埃蒙与弗拉米尼努斯传》为典型。这篇传记主要取材于希腊史家波利比奥斯的相关著述,但对两位传主形象的塑造表达了更强烈的希腊文化认同和民族立场。普鲁塔克这一有别于波利比奥斯的叙述倾向,是罗马帝国初期希腊知识分子乡愁意识与民族情怀的真实写照,也呈现出当时希腊知识阶层对希腊文化和罗马统治的认知与心态变化。

The Lives of Philopoemen and Flamininus is a typical representation of Plutarch’s construction of identity and Helleno-centric narrative bias in his Parallel Lives. This essay examines how Plutarch adapts his source-materials of Polybius in this pair whose protagonists not merely were contemporaries but lived at the very time when Roman power was beginning to intrude Greek world. The author argues that Plutarch has shaped his narrative with obvious Helleno-centric perspectives and more Hellenic patriotism than Polybius. His such narrative bias reflects the common nostalgic self-awareness of Greek intellectuals under early Roman Empire, and his departure from Polybius displays a transformation of the Greek intellectuals’ attitudes toward Greek culture and Roman power.