“第六产业”发展及其化工技术支撑

Development of the “Sixth Industry” and its support by chemical technology

当前传统的小农经济已经无法担负起保证农业增产、农民增收的重任,也不利于食品安全和环境保护,发展集约化经营的现代农业是大势所趋。"第六产业"正是发展现代农业的一剂对症良方。其中,在我国农业的发展过程中,以化肥、农药、农膜等为代表的化工产品对于提高粮食单产、保障粮食自给自足方面作出了重要的贡献。然而,资源的紧缺、环境的变化以及农业现代化的发展,对支农化工产品及农化服务提出了新的要求。本文简要回顾了我国农业革命的发展历程,剖析"第六产业"的内涵,阐述在"第六产业"视角下,化学工程及农化产业对农业革命发展的重要支撑作用。特别地,农化产业转型的重点在于开发节能、环保、高效、绿色的新型支农化工产品,包括新型化肥、新型低毒农药、高性能可降解农膜等。与此同时,需要改革传统的化肥施用形式,推广配套的水肥药一体化灌溉技术。此外,"治标治本"的新型土壤修复技术、良种培育技术、作物抗逆性能改良技术、农产品高值化技术、农业废弃物资源化利用技术等其他涉农领域的技术创新也应大力推进,农业组织形式改造与农化服务升级也是必不可少的。在"第六产业"发展的背景下,农化产业将迎来新的发展机会,随着新型化工产品及先进技术的应用,可望取得重大的社会经济效益。

At present, the traditional small-scale peasant economy has been unable to take on the responsibility of guaranteeing agricultural production and farmers＇ income increase. It is not conducive to food safety and environmental protection. The development of intensive agriculture is the general trend. The ＂Sixth Industry＂ is the development of modern agriculture as an excellent remedy for this situation. Among them, chemical products, such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and agricultural plastic films, have made important contributions to the improvement of grain yields and the self-sufficiency of grain in China＇s agricultural development process. However, for the shortage of resources, changes in the environment and the development of agricultural modernization, it has put forward new demands of the agricultural chemical products and agrochemical services. This paper briefly reviews the development course of China＇s agricultural revolution, analyzes the connotation of the ＂Sixth Industry＂, and expounds the important supporting role of chemical engineering and agrochemical dustry to the development of agricultural revolution under the perspective of ＂Sixth Industry＂. In particular, the transformation of the agrochemical industry should focus on the development of new agricultural chemical products including new chemical fertilizers, new low-toxicity pesticides and high-performance degradable plastic film. The traditional form of fertilizer application is also need to reform, which can promote the integration of water and fertilizer integrated irrigation technology. In addition, other agricultural-related technology innovation, such as new soil remediation technology, seed cultivation technology, crop resistance technology, high-value agricultural technology and agricultural waste utilization technology should be vigorously promoted. The transformation of agricultural organization form and upgrade of agrochemical service are also indispensable. In the development of ＂Sixth Industry＂, agrochemical industry will usher in new development opportunities. With the application of new chemical products and advanced technology, the resulting social and economic benefits will be very considerable.