抑郁症快感缺失的生物学机制

The biological mechanisms of anhedonia in depression

快感缺失，即体验快乐能力的丧失，或者对愉快刺激缺乏反应，是抑郁症的一个内表型。通过归纳总结国内外关于抑郁症快感缺失的研究进展，了解其可能的生物学机制，包括其对快感缺失的神经解剖学机制、免疫炎症机制及分子遗传方面等。结构和功能影像学研究结果多显示抑郁症的快感缺失与奖赏系统相关的脑区相关，且在执行与奖赏相关任务时，抑郁症患者相关脑区的活性发生了改变；遗传的研究也多基于与奖赏相关神经递质，尤其是多巴胺；免疫炎症及遗传的研究结果也为抑郁症及抑郁症快感缺失的治疗提供了新的思路，以寻求除五羟色胺外的新的作用靶点。

Anhedonia is the loss of pleasure or lack of reaction to pleasurable stimuli, which is a promising phenotype of depression. In order to explore the potential biological mechanism, the recent advances were summarized from researches focused on depression with anhedonia from neuroanatomy, inflammation and immunology, and molecular genetics. The structural and functional brain imaging showed that the activity in reward-related brain regions of the depressive disorder with an anhedonia was changed during reward-related tasks.In addition,some other genetic studies based on the related neurotransmitter,such as dopamine, together with the findings from the researches on immunological inflammation, may shed light on finding the potential targets for novel antidepressants,besides the 5-HT.