翠屏区1岁以下儿童麻疹发病危险因素的病例对照研究

Risk Factors of Measles in Children under 1 Year of Age in Cuiping District:A Case-control Study

目的探讨翠屏区1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的危险因素,为降低该年龄段儿童麻疹发病提供参考依据。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,搜集翠屏区2009年至2015年确诊的1岁以下麻疹患儿21例,按照1:2配对,收集同期42例健康儿童作为对照组,调查对象的出生情况、既往史、接触史、就诊史、疫苗接种史等信息。结果单因素分析显示:早产儿、非全母乳喂养、发病前21d内接触过麻疹患者、发病前21d内有医院就诊史是1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的危险因素,麻疹疫苗接种史、母亲接种过麻疹疫苗或曾患麻疹是1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的保护因素。多因素分析显示:发病前21d内接触过麻疹患者、发病前21d内有医院就诊史是1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的危险因素,而麻疹疫苗接种史是1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的保护因素。结论及时接种麻疹疫苗,并通过加强医院内传染病防控措施,及时隔离治疗麻疹患者以减少医院内感染麻疹是减少1岁以下儿童麻疹发病的重要措施。

Objective To explore the risk factors of measles in children under 1 year of age in Cuiping District and pro-vide reference for reducing the incidence rate of measles in children of this age. Methods A case-control study was conducted to analyze the birth history,past medical history,measles contact history,medical history,vaccination history and other information of 21 cases of children under 1 year old diagnosed with measles from 2009 to 2015 in Cuiping District and 42 healthy children,ac-cording to the 1：2 matching. Results The univariate analysis showed that premature,non-exclusive breastfeeding,contact with pa-tients with measles and hospital admissions within 21 days before morbidity were risk factors. Vaccinations for measles,mothers＆#39; history of measles vaccination or incidence were protective factors. Multivariate analysis showed that contact with patients with mea-sles and hospital admissions within 21 days before morbidity were risk factors for the incidence of measles in children under 1 year of age. And the vaccination history for measles was the protective factor. Conclusion Vaccinating for measles timely,strengthening the prevention and control for infectious diseases in hospitals, quarantining and treating measles patients timely were important measures to reduce the incidence of measles in children under 1 year of age.