沥青质分散剂与阻聚剂研究进展

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ASPHALTENE DISPERSANTS AND INHIBITOR

沥青质作为石油中极性最大、最重的组分,极容易发生絮凝沉降,给石油的开采、储运及加工带来困难,而添加化学添加剂是阻止和解决沥青质絮凝沉积的最有效方式之一。从化学添加剂的分类、结构特征、作用机理及效果等方面综述了近十年来沥青质化学添加剂的研究进展,并分析了影响沥青质化学添加剂作用效果的因素,对沥青质化学添加剂的选用及合成提出了一些建议。

Asphaltene, the most polar and heaviest component in petroleum,is very easy to flocculate and precipitate, resulting in problems in petroleum storing, transporting and processing. Adding chemical additives is one of the most effective ways to reduce and control asphaltene precipitation. In this paper, the progress of asphaltene chemical additives in recent ten years was reviewed from the aspects of classi fication, structural features,mechanism and effect of chemical additives. Factors that affect the effect of asphaltene chemical additives were analyzed. Finally,selection and synthesis of asphaltene chemical addi- tives were suggested.