硫氧化菌的地域分布特征

Geographical Distribution of Sulfur-oxidizing Bacteria

通过对NCBI数据库中硫氧化菌的现有16S rDNA序列分析,并构建硫氧化菌系统进化树,进而探讨不同地域硫氧化菌分布特性。NCBI中共有硫氧化菌16S rDNA序列298条,经相似性分析后发现共有53条不同的序列,分别源自温泉湖、矿区、泻湖等区域。全长序列的系统进化分析显示,全球硫氧化菌的分布具有一定的地域性,即温泉湖与矿区、泻湖的硫氧化菌差别明显。不同地域硫氧化菌的系统进化分析显示,铅锌矿区与铜矿区的硫氧化菌区分明显;而同为温泉湖或矿区、泻湖生境中的硫氧化菌相似性极高,即相同生境中的硫氧化菌相似性较高,表明硫氧化菌的类型与生境条件有较大的关联性。基于对硫氧化菌16S rDNA的序列分析,推测硫氧化菌的起源可能是多源的,生境条件作为重要的进化压力在硫氧化菌长期演化过程中具有举足轻重的作用。

Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria （SOB） were widely distributed in aquatic environments. To investigate the correlation between their evolutionary relatedness and geographical distribution,298 16S rDNA sequence available in the NCBI were analyzed,and phylogenic trees based on the sequences were constructed. Total 53 16S rDNA sequences of SOB were analyzed in detail,which derived from hot spring, mine and lagoon. Phylogeny analysis based on those sequences suggested that the geographical distribution of SOB had certain regional distribution character： SOB was different from hot spring, mine and lagoon. Regional analysis based on phylogenic analysis also suggested that the difference from lead-zinc mine and copper mine. In contrast,the SOB from similar habitats were closely related,such as hot spring,mine and lagoon. It was found that similar species had a large regional distribution and tried to adopt the similar habitats,morphotypes of SOB and their living conditions had a significant relevance. The observation suggested that SOB might have multiple evolutionary origins, And it also suggested that the environmental conditions, as an important evolutionary pressure, played an important role in the long-term evolution of SOB.