加温湿化高流量经鼻导管氧疗的作用机制及在儿科的应用

The mechanism of heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and its application in pediatrics

加温湿化高流量经鼻导管氧疗（heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy，HFNC）具有改善呼吸做功，产生呼吸末正压效应，操作简单，患者耐受性优良，安全性高的特点。目前已经广泛用于新生儿相关的呼吸支持治疗，但缺乏在婴幼儿和儿童的广泛使用和研究。从HFNC作用机制及儿科生理学角度看，适合用于婴儿病毒性毛细支气管炎、儿童肺炎、哮喘、急性呼吸窘迫综合征以及拔管后呼吸支持治疗。HFNC应该成为儿科首选的常规氧疗模式。

Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy （HFNC） has the characteris- tics of improving the work of breathing, creating the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure, being setted up easily, well tolerated by patients and high safety. At present, it has been widely used in neonatal respiratory support,but lack of its extensive use and research in infants and children. HFNC is suitable for use in infants with viral bronchiolitis, pneumonia, asthma, ARDS, and postextubation respiratory support from the aspect of the mechanism of action of HFNC and the pediatric physiology. HFNC should be the preferred mode of con- ventional oxygen therapy in pediatrics.