施肥对泡桐人工林土壤微生物活性的影响

Effects of Fertilizer on the Microbial Activity Under Paulownia fortunei Plantations

为明确不同施肥处理对泡桐人工林土壤微生物特性的影响,以湖南省4年生泡桐人工林土壤为研究对象,分析4种不同施肥处理下土壤酶活性及土壤微生物量的变化,以及土壤微生物量、土壤微生物酶与土壤化学指标之间的关系,并对其主成分进行分析。结果表明:3种施肥处理显著改变了土壤中过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶的活性,其中专用肥对脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性提高更为显著,相比不施肥对照,分别提高了79.01%,72.40%和230.76%。3种施肥处理显著提高了土壤微生物的生物量,其中专用肥处理对泡桐人工林土壤微生物量碳和氮提高最为显著,相比对照处理,微生物量碳提高了321.02%,微生物量氮提高了386.87%。泡桐在专用肥处理下,除p H外,土壤养分与土壤酶活性呈现正相关;土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷与土壤酶活性呈现正相关;土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷与土壤养分呈现正相关。专用肥对土壤微生物活性和化学指标产生的影响最大。

To understand the effect of different fertility treatments on soil microbial properties of Paulownia fortunei plantations, the change of soil enzyme activity, soil microbial biomass, and the correlations among soil microbial biomass, soil enzymes, and chemical index of 4-year-old P.fortunei plantations were analyzed with principal components under 4 different fertility treatments. Result showed that this 3 different fertilizer significantly increased the activity of soil catalase, urease, acid phosphatase and invertase. Urease, acid phosphatase and invertase increased more significantly under SF than other treatment respectively by 79.01%, 72.40% and 230.76% which compared with the control group with no fertilizer. 3 different fertilizer significantly increased the soil microbial biomass. Compared with the control group，soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen increased more significantly by 321.02% and 386.87% under SF. Except for pH, soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity appear positive correlation under SF. Soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus had positive correlation with soil enzyme activity，soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus had positive correlation with soil nutrient. The specific fertilizer has the largest impact on soil microbial activity and chemical indicators.