批判与超越:丁尼生诗歌中的伦理观

Criticism and Transcendence:the Ethics in Tennyson's Poems

维多利亚时期的主流伦理观存在着诸多问题,如对人性和自由的压抑、对名利的追求、对上帝的怀疑等。丁尼生对诗人所应承载的道德责任有着深刻的认识,并从个人的意志自由、人与自然的关系、人与人的关系、人与上帝的关系的层面对当时的自由观、生态观、爱情观和宗教观等方面进行了批判并提出了新的构想,倡导超越世俗的精神自由、人与自然相互融合的自然伦理、平等互信的爱情关系、以及超越教义的宗教信仰等伦理思想,从而有利于缓解维多利亚时期思想混乱和道德危机。

There are many problems in the mainstream ethics inthe Victorian Age, such as the suppression of human nature and freedom, pursuit of fame and fortune, and suspicion of God. Tennyson had a profound understanding of poet＇s moral responsibility. He criticized the defects in traditional outlook of freedom, ecology, romance and religion from the perspective of the freedom of man^s will, the relation between man and man, man and nature, man and the God. And then he put forward new ideas, by advocating spirit freedom beyond the secular life, ecological ethics of mutual integration between man and nature, equality and mutual trust in love, and faith beyond religious creed, to clarify the ideological confusion and ease moral crisis in the Victorian Age.