三国韦昭音注的声韵系统与介音规则

System of Phonology and Rules of Head Vowels in Phonetic Notation of Wei Zhao

三国时期的经学家、史学家韦昭著有《汉书音义》和《国语解》两部著作。经文献考证,《汉书音义》大多属于韦昭本人对《汉书》的注解;《国语解》不光使用音注、声训等方式解释《国语》,还收入了三国以前经学家对《国语》的释读。两作虽已亡佚,我们仍可通过《史记》三家注、隋代陆德明《经典释文》、唐代颜师古《汉书注》等传世文献的辑佚,整理出韦昭所作的一部分音释。这对于研究三国时期汉语语音变化及传世文献中三国时期注音材料的整体留存情况有着重要学术价值:一方面,通过研究从古籍文献中辑佚的引音,可以整理归纳出韦昭音声韵系统的特征及介音规则;另一方面,我们对以韦昭注为代表的一批三国音释文献进行引介与阐释,以期挖掘出更多我国古典文献中蕴含的古汉语研究宝藏。

Wei Zhao, the economist and historian in Kingdom Wu, composed two works, namely The Pronunciation and Meaning of Han Shu and The Interpretation of the Book of Nations, with the former dealing with his notation of Han Shu. The Interpretation of the Book of Nations interprets The Book^of Nations with phonetic notation and sound explanation, and compiles the interpretation of Confucian scholars prior to the Three Kingdoms Period. Although both of the books have already been lost, we can collect some phonetic notation of Wei Zhao via books from later dynasties, which are of significance to the research of the evolution of pronunciation of＂ Chinese in the Three Kingdoms Period. On the one hand, we can collect and classify the features and rules of head vowels of Wei Zhao＇s phonetic system. On the other hand, we can introduce and interpret a series of literature on phonetic interpretation in the Three Kingdoms Period, hoping to find out more valuable literature on ancient Chinese.