科技型小微企业集聚、知识溢出和创新策略选择:新经济地理学和博弈理论解释

Agglomeration,Knowledge Spillover and Innovation Strategy Choices of Small & Micro Technology Enterprises:NEG & Game Theoretical Explanations

通过空间集聚发展,科技型小微企业可以从规模经济、知识溢出和技术外部性的正效应中获取竞争优势,但不可避免地也受到集聚区资源和技术创新的约束以及知识溢出带来的负效应。技术创新是科技型小微企业得以发展的主要手段,但技术创新成本和知识外溢的负效应,直接影响到其创新策略选择。通过新经济地理学和博弈策略分析表明:科技型小微企业空间集聚机制主要体现在收益递增和不完全竞争方面;非合作博弈和不完全信息导致创新效率损失;降低技术创新成本,保护知识产权,建立集聚区行业联盟是提高科技型小微企业集聚区"创新"概率的关键因素。

Small ＆ micro tech-enterprises gain competition advantages from scale economy, knowledge spillover and positive exterior technical effects through agglomeration effects. However, their development is also restrained by the resources of agglomeration zone, the limitation of technology innovation, and the negatives of knowledge spillover. Technology innovation is the key for S＆M tech-enterprises＂ development, but the cost and the negatives of knowledge spillover influence the choice of innovation strategies. The NEG ＆ Game strategy analysis shows that the space agglomeration is mainly manifested in the increasing returns and incomplete competition, and that the non-cooperative game and incomplete information result in a loss of innovation efficiency. It is therefore proposed that, in S＆M enterprise agglomeration zone, the key of fostering innovation lies in decreasing the cost of technology innovation, enhancing intellectual protection, and establishing industrial coalitions.