老年慢性疼痛患者疼痛与依恋心理的相关性研究

Correlation between chronic pain and psychological attachment in elderly patients

目的探讨老年慢性疼痛患者疼痛情况及与依恋心理的关系,为提高老年疼痛患者临床护理质量提供参考。方法对254例老年慢性疼痛患者采用亲密关系经历量表中文版、简明疼痛评估量表进行调查。结果老年慢性疼痛患者疼痛程度得分23~45(32.01±10.34)分,对日常生活影响得分为18~62(45.84±10.27)分;依恋焦虑得分为(3.50±0.71)分,依恋回避为(2.94±0.69)分,其中安全型依恋达36.22%,冷漠型和恐惧型分别为24.01%和20.87%,专注型占18.90%。依恋焦虑和依恋回避与疼痛程度和疼痛影响呈正相关(均P<0.01)。结论老年慢性疼痛患者疼痛程度多中度偏重,影响患者日常生活,非安全型依恋占较高的比例,应加强对老年疼痛患者非安全型依恋的筛查和护理干预,以降低患者疼痛程度。

Objective To explore the relationship between chronic pain and psychological attachment in elderly patients, and to provide reference for quality improvement of nursing care. Methods A total of 254 elderly patients with chronic pain were enrolled. The demographic questionnaire, the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory, the Brief Pain Inventory （BPI） were used to measure these patients. Results The elderly patients scored within a range of 23 to 45 （32.01 ± 10.34） in pain inten-sity, of 18 to 62 （45.84±10. 27） in daily activities affected by chronic pain. They scored （3.50±0.71） in attachment-related anxiety and （2.94± 0.69） in attachment-related avoidance. The proportions of patients with secure attachment, dismissing, fearfulness and preoccupy were 36.22%, 24.01%, 20.87% and 18.90% respectively. There were positive correlations between attachment-related anxiety, or attachment-related avoidance and pain intensity or effect of pain（P〈0.01 for all）. Conclusion The elderly patients who are bo- thered by chronic pain are experiencing moderate to severe pain, which has influenced their daily life. The proportion of patients presenting insecure attachment is high. We should strengthen the screening of insecure attachment in elderly patients who suffer from, and take measures to minimize pain intensity.