三元结构视角下我国小微企业还款难问题研究

The Research on the National Small and Micro Businesses Loan-Applying Tension from the Perspective of the Ternary Structure

小微企业贷款难问题是当前社会关注和亟待解决的重要问题,小微企业贷款难的主要原因在于其还款难,解决了小微企业还款难的问题就相当于解决了小微企业贷款难问题。小微企业还款难的主要因素可以概括为信用、能力、政策三方面。根据小微企业还款难的主要因素建立包括信用、能力、政策三个方面(维度)的三元结构模型,并把小微企业分为8种模式类型,如果将政策维度固定后,可以将小微企业分为4种模式类型。由于4类不同模式的小微企业还款情况、还款能力、还款意愿不同,导致其获得银行贷款的能力和机会也存在差异。由于贷款是去路,还款是回路,对不同模式的小微企业制定差异化策略和政策,精准施策解决其还款难问题,就能解决小微企业贷款难问题。本文的研究,对于研究和解决小微企业贷款难具有现实意义和借鉴意义。

It is an important problem to be solved for the small and micro businesses financing difficulty and it is still a focus to the current society. The main reason for it is the difficulty to pay back loan. So if we can solve the difficulty of the repayment of debt, as the consequence the problem of financing difficulties are to be solved. The main factors for the small and micro businesses financing difficulty can be summarized as the credit, policy, and policy environment, as the result of building the ternary structure model includ- ing the three aspects according to its repayment difficulties and separating the small and micro enterprises into 8 patterns. If the policy environment can be fixed, then it can be divided into 4 patterns. As the four kinds of patterns of the small and micro enterprise in re- payment situation, repayment ability and the repayment intention are different leading to the discrepancy of the bank financing ability and opportunities. Because the loan is the way to lend money, and reimbursement is the way of money back, the f＇lnaning difficulty can be solved if the diversified strategies and policies can be made according to the different patterns of the small and micro enterprises and practice policies accurately to solve the loan-applying tension. The article research has the practical and referential significance in re- search and solving the repayment difficulty.