土壤因子对春尺蠖蛹羽化率的影响研究

Effects of Soil Factor on the Eclosion of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff Pupa

以春尺蠖的蛹为研究对象,于室内和林间进行了不同土壤含水量、土层深度、土壤温湿度条件下春尺蠖蛹的羽化情况研究,探讨土壤含水量和土层深度、土壤温湿度对春尺蠖蛹羽化率的影响。结果表明,不同含水量土壤和土层深度都对春尺蠖蛹的羽化率、羽化天数和羽化高峰期有显著影响（P〈0.05）;土壤含水量为30%时,羽化率最高,达到81.67%。当土壤含水量较高时,羽化率明显受到抑制。10-30cm土层中春尺蠖的羽化率相对较高,达到80%左右;40-50cm土层中春尺蠖羽化率相对较低,约为75%,土层深度差异在这两组间对该虫羽化进度影响明显。分别用直线回归和Logistic回归模拟了时间与累计羽化进度的关系,两种模型均极显著（P〈0.01）。用直线回归模型计算,春尺蠖越冬蛹在30%下的理论羽化截止日期最早。通过多元回归分析,拟合10-50cm土层深度的土壤温、湿度和成虫羽化数量之间的回归方程。其中,20cm深处土壤温、湿度与羽化数量相关系数最大,实测羽化数量与预测羽化数量拟合程度较好,该函数对春尺蠖发生量的预测具有一定指导作用。

This article,by taking Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff pupa for the study object and under the condition of different soil moisture contents,soil depths,soil temperatures and soil humidity both indoors and in forests,studied the effects on its eclosion rate.The results showed that the soil with different moisture contents and soil depths had significant impact on Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff pupa＇s eclosion rate,eclosion days and the peak of eclosion.When soil moisture content was 30%,eclosion rate was the highest,reaching up to 81.67%.When the soil moisture content was at higher level,the eclosion rate was significantly suppressed.At 10-30 cm soil layer,the eclosion rate was relatively high,about 80%,and at 40-50 cm soil layer,the eclosion rate was relatively low,about 76%.The depth difference between these two groups of the pest affected the worm eclosion progress significantly.Both of the linear regression and Logistic regression were used to simulate the relationship between the number of days and cumulative emergence progress,and the two models were extremely significant（P〈0.01）.Calculated by the linear regression model,the deadline of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff overwintering pupa theory under 30% feather was the earliest.The regression equation between the soil temperature and humidity,the number of adult emergence in 10-50 cm soil depth was fitted by multiple regression analysis.Among them,the correlation coefficient of the number of emergence under 20 cm soil layer,soil temperature and humidity were the largest,and the fitting degree of measured quantity and quantity forecast emergence was quite desirable.This function has a certain guiding role to predict he occurrence quantity of Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff.