不同品种香蕉抗枯萎病效果及抗性生理研究

The effects and mechanisms of different banana varieties to Fusarium wilt disease

通过盆栽试验研究了向土壤中接种尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型4号生理小种(FocTR4)后不同抗枯萎病香蕉品种发病率、根际可培养微生物及防御酶活性的变化。结果表明:试验处理中香蕉枯萎病发病率随着FocTR4接种浓度的增加而上升,但在相同浓度处理下,抗病品种发病率显著低于感病品种;各品种香蕉发病率与根际土壤可培养镰刀菌数量均呈显著正相关关系。抗病品种过氧化物酶(POD)、几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性高于感病品种,而与多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性存在一定的相关性。说明香蕉抗病性与香蕉根际土壤微生物群落结构及香蕉本身防御酶活性有关。

In this study,three varieties of banana were used for investigate the Fusarium wilt disease incidence,rhizospheric microorganism and defense enzymes activities after inoculated with FocTR4.The results showed that：Fusarium wilt disease incidence were increased when inoculated with high level of FocTR4,however,the disease incidence of disease-resistant varieties（RV）were lower than disease-sensitive variety（SV）significantly when inoculated with the same level of FocTR4.The amount of Fusariumin rhizospheric soil was significant positive correlated with disease incidence in all cultivated varieties.The defense enzymes activities such as POD,chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in RV were higher than SV,and certain correlation between disease resistance and PPO as well as PAL activity.All results showed that the mechanism of different resistance of banana varieties to Fusarium wilt disease was related to the rhizospheric microorganisms and defense enzymes activities.