民办非企业单位:“组织变形”背后的制度危机——一个寻求合法性支持的法定概念

Private Non-corporate Organizations. System Crisis Behind ＂Deformed Organization＂--A Legal Concept Seeking Legitimacy

民办非企业单位现实中存在的利润分配、独立性残缺等＂组织变形＂现象受到了广泛的诟病。从深层次来看,民办非企业单位的组织合法性危机与其作为一项制度的合法性问题息息相关。当一项制度设计本身存在合法性危机时,这种缺陷无法不对现实造成结构性的影响——合法性在从宏观制度让渡给现实中的组织时,合法性的危机也被同时传递。本文借鉴发轫于韦伯的合法性经典概念,重点从认知合法性以及规制合法性两个维度,追问对实践造成重大影响的制度框架中所隐含的制度合法性危机,并指出民办非企业单位在未来的发展,有赖于从制度层面为非营利性和独立性等核心价值构建一个坚实的合法性基础。

The private non-corporate organizations are widely criti- cized for their ＂ deformed organization＂ as reflected in the interest distribution and lack of independence. At the in-depth level, the legitimacy crisis of the private non-corporate organizations is closely related to its legitimacy as a sys- tem. When legitimacy crisis is found with a system design itself, the defect will inevitably bring along structural influence. When legitimacy is granted to the physical organizations by the macro-system, the legitimacy crisis comes a- long as well. Proceeding from Weber＇s concept of legitimacy, the article goes in the two dimensions of cognition legitimacy and regulation legitimacy, to pursue the rule legitimacy crisis implicated in the system framework that im- pacts practice, and points out that the private non-corporate organizations＇ fu- ture development hinges on a solid legitimacy basis built at the institutional level with such values as non-profit and independence at the core.