扎布耶盐湖动态变化遥感监测

Monitoring of the dynamic change of Zabuye Salt Lake:A remote sensing approach

为在现场观测的基础上获得对扎布耶盐湖动态变化更宏观的认知,开发了基于遥感技术的盐湖优化的轨道监测方法。首先根据2015年Landsat8 OLI数据对西藏扎布耶盐湖区域进行水域分布范围的提取,然后对2014—2015年水域分布范围的变化和2015年春、夏、秋三季水域分布范围变化进行了监测分析,发现扎布耶盐湖水域面积2015年较2014年略有缩减,不同于近几十年因气候变湿扩张的大趋势,有可能是开发造成的,需要生产企业注意开发的合理性。利用GF-1卫星数据对扎布耶盐湖水深、盐度、硼和锂含量进行了定量反演,所得结果与现场观测符合较好,验证了遥感监测方法的可靠性。

Monitoring based on remote sensing provides more information as compared to the in situ monitoring from a macroscopical viewpoint. This paper proposes an optimized method for monitoring the lake from the orbit. First, we identify the lake shorelines and obtain the area of the surface brine from OLI Landsat$ satellite data. Then, we compare the lake areas obtained for the year 2014 and three seasons of the year 2015. A subtle decrease is observed from the year 2014 to 2015, in contrast with the general increase trend for Zabuye in the past decades due to the climate change, indicating the influence of the exploitation, which shows that the lithium production should be rational. Besides, the brine depth, the salinity, the lithium and boron concentrations for Zabuye Salt lake are retrieved quantitatively using the GF-1 inultispectral data, and the results are in good consistency with those measured in situ, showing the reliability of our methods.