青藏高原盐湖观测站概述

Overview of salt lake stations on Tibetan Plateau

盐湖长期观测对资源开发和盐湖学基础研究具有重要意义。介绍了青藏高原3个锂硼盐湖科学观测站的建站背景、已有基础设施、观测设备、研究进展及展望。观测站分别建在青藏高原北部3个重点锂硼盐湖区——扎布耶、当雄错和班戈湖。建立至今,已在3个科学站配备了水化学分析、气象、水文自动观测等相关仪器设备,建成蒸发实验平台。依托3个盐湖观测站,开展了重点盐湖系统连续气象、水文动态变化观测、盐湖型锂硼矿床动态变化研究、盐湖矿物资源提取实验等工作。下一步,需对科学站所积累的大量气象、水文资料进行整理,力争建立可用性好的数据库,实现数据共享。

The long term salt lake observation is of great significance in the resource exploitation and the fundamental studies of salinology. This paper reviews the background, the existing infrastructure, the equipments, and the current research progress and prospects of three salt lake stations on the Tibetan Plateau. These salt lake stations are located adjacent to the lake districts Zabuye, Dangxiongcuo, and Bange, respectively, Northern Tibetan Plateau, with rich Li and B deposits. Up to now, these three stations are equipped with instruments for hydrochemical analysis and for the meterologic and hydrographic automatic observations, and the experimental platform for brine evaporation studies is established. Based on the three salt lake stations, we have carried out continuous meterologic and hydrographic observations on the selected salt lake system and the study of the dynamic change of salt lake type Li and B deposits, and the extraction experiments of lake mineral resources, with many meaningful results. In the future, we will compile a large volume of meterologic and hydrographic data observed, and built a database for sharing by public.