农业劳动力老龄化对农业生产效率的影响

Effect of Aging Agricultural Labor Force on Agricultural Productivity

基于甘肃省73个村庄的调查数据,考察了农业劳动力老龄化对现代农业成长的影响问题。研究结果显示,农业劳动力老龄化限制了农业生产率水平提升,表现为其有碍于农户要素配置优化、拉低农业技术效率水平,使规模经济的实现受阻。其政策启示是,"一刀切"的农业支持政策成效式微,但探索适度规模经营、提高机械化水平、建立与完善农业雇工市场、提升农户人力资本水平,同时确保农户增收,将对刘易斯转折点后的农业发展具有积极意义。

Based on the survey data of 73 counties in Gansu Province, this paper researches on the effect of aging agricultural labor force on the growth of modern agriculture. The results show that aging agricultural labor force limits the increase of agricultural productivity. To be specific, it hinders optimizing factors allocation, pushes agricultural technical efficiency down, and restricts the realization of scale economies. It suggests that the effect of agricultural supportive polices of ＂one size fits all＂ is fading away. However, exploring moderate scale management, raising the level of mechanization, establishing and improving agricultural workers market, promoting the level of human capital of peasant, and guaranting raising peasant income will play a positive effect on agricultural development after passing the Lewisian turning point.