6种宿根花卉植物的光合特性研究

Photosynthetic characteristic of six species of perennial flowers

目前,我国北方地区园林应用中宿根花卉的种类相对较少、品种单一。为了进行宿根花卉的引种栽培进而有效丰富园林宿根花卉的种类,以黑心菊、芙蓉葵、蜀葵、赛菊芋、紫茉莉、醉鱼草等6种宿根花卉为试验材料,利用CIRAS-3光合仪,研究其光合有效辐射、二氧化碳的响应以及光合速率日变化。结果表明,黑心菊、赛菊芋和醉鱼草净光合速率日变化表现为单峰曲线,未出现"午休"现象;芙蓉葵、蜀葵和紫茉莉为明显的双峰曲线,有明显的"午休"现象,且第2峰值均出现在14:00,其中黑心菊的光补偿点最低、光饱和点也较低,分别为18.69μmol/(m^2·s)和1 506.49μmol/(m^2·s),可以在遮阴环境下生长,而赛菊芋的光补偿点最高、光饱和点也较高,分别为32.45μmol/(m^2·s)和1 616.41μmol/(m^2·s),表现出较强的喜阳性。

Nowadays, there are relatively a few species of perennial flowers in the garden ap- plication in northern China, and the variety is single. In order to enrich the types and planta- tion of perennial flowers, we used Rudbeckia hirta , Hibiscus rnoscheutos, Althaea rosea , Heliopsis helianthoides, Mirabilis jalapa, Mirabilis jalapa and Buddleja lindleyana to study the photosynthetic active radiation, carbon dioxide response and diurnal variation of photosynthetic rate of the six perennial flowers using CIRAS-3. The results showed that the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate showed a single peak curve with no ＂midday depression＂ phenomenon; Hibiscus altissirna , Althaea rosea and Mirabilis japonica had the obvious double-peak curves with a clear ＂lunch break＂,and the time for the second peak oc- cur at 14：00. Among these flowers, Rudbeckia hirta has the lowest LCP as 18.69μmol/ （m2· s）, and the LSP is also relatively low as 1 506.49μmol/（m2·s）, showing it can grow in a shade environment. Heliopsis helianthoides has the highest LCP as 32. 45 μmol/ （m2· s）, and the LSP is also relatively high as 1 616.41μmol/（m2·s）, showing a strong inclination for sunny enviornment.