雀啄灸的源流与展望

Origin and Development of Bird Perking Moxibustion

雀啄灸作为艾条悬起灸的一种临床操作方式被广泛地应用于临床。学术界展开了诸多雀啄灸方面的研究工作,探索了雀啄灸临床作用机制,扩展了雀啄灸的临床适应证。但是对于雀啄灸的源流发展,略显关注不足。文章通过文献的梳理,雀啄灸可能是于上世纪50年代由朱琏提出,分析当时前后学术背景,认为雀啄灸的出现其可能和温灸器灸、太乙神针和雷火神针、雀啄术针法以及针灸补泻原理存在较为紧密联系。早年的雀啄灸被认定为艾灸的泻法,主要起兴奋的作用。早年的临床适应证主要是小儿疾病、晕厥、关节疼、腹痛、腹泻、胎位不正等。随着时代的变迁,如今的临床适应证越来越广。结合雀啄灸本身的操作特点,开发类似的刺激仪器以代替临床人工操作,更有利于雀啄灸法在临床的推广运用。

Bird perking moxibustion,as an approach of moxa stick suspended moxibustion,is a widespread application in clinic. In recent years,plenty of research about bird perking moxibustion are performed in the academic field,which preliminarily explains the mechanisms of bird perking moxibustion and expands the clinical application.However,the detailed origin of bird perking moxibustion is still unconfirmed.This study is to explore the exact origin of bird perking moxibustion.It is suspected that it was proposed by Lian Zhu in the middle of 20th century.After analyzing the academic background during those years,it is suggested that this approach may be the combination of warming moxibustion apparatus moxibustion,taiyi miraculous moxa roll,thunder-fire miraculous moxa roll,bird perking acupunctural method and reinforcing-reducing techniques of acupuncture.In the early stage,the bird perking moxibustion was considered as an excitation method and the clinical application was infant diseases,synco-pe,joints pain,abdominal pain,diarrhea,malposition,and so on.As times goes,present clinical application is expanded.It is considered to be more beneficial to replace the manual operation by similar stimulus devices based on its operating characters.