马克思主义城市研究的“范式”与解释学重构——人文主义与结构主义城市理论的比较研究

Paradigm and Hermeneutic Reconstruction of Marxist Urban Theory:A Comparative Study of the Humanist and Structuralist Urban Theories

马克思主义城市研究围绕着重构历史唯物主义的路径和方法论展开,逐渐形成了人文主义和结构主义两种典型的分析模式。马克思主义城市研究的"范式"是将城市视为社会关系的组成,进而建构一种非理论的、具体的普遍性以应对日常生活与城市革命的挑战;在解释学方面也表现出由从传统的认识论与方法论的研究转变为对本体论的关切,人文主义和结构主义都强调城市世界之呈现是基于对空间中社会关系的把握,基于对资本、劳动力和国家权力的分析,需要将客观存在放置于总体性的分析框架下。这消解了传统马克思主义的主客二分法,进而确立了当代马克思主义的城市话语权。

Marxist urban study centers around the approach and method of reconstructing historical materialism, gradually forming two typical analytic modes of humanism and structuralism. The paradigm of Marxist urban study regards the city as the compositionality of social relations, further constructing a non - theoretical and spe- cific universal to deal with the challenges in the daily life and urban revolution. In terms of hermeneutics, it shows the transformation from the studies of traditional epistemology and methodology to the concerns for ontolo- gy. Both humanism and structuralism emphasize that the display of urban world is based on the mastery of social relations in the space. And the analyses based on the capital, labor force and national power involve considering objective existence in the general analytic framework. Thus, the subjective and objective dichotomy of traditional Marxism is eliminated while the urban discourse of contemporary Marxism is also established.