政府权力清单制度:内涵、结构与功能

Power List System of the Government:Connotation,Structure and Function

作为一种全新的制度设计与治理理念,政府权力清单制度既是以"清权、确权、晒权和制权"为核心内容的权力革命,也是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要举措。它由权力清单、责任清单与负面清单三部分构成,理清其构成极为重要,这涉及对政府权力清单制度的理解、具体组织、实施与效果,对政府权力清单制度理解的混乱,极易造成具体实施过程中的偏颇。其主要功能包括简政放权、信托责任、优化和公开权力运行流程、降低制度交易成本与依法行政功能。在推行政府权力清单制度过程中,既不能一晒了之,也不能简单操切,要树立正确认知与全新理念,把它作为制度创新与一些棘手问题解决的契机,全方位统筹规划、认真研讨、积极建设。

As a new system design and governance philosophy, the power list system of the government is not only the power revolution focusing on ＂cleaning, confirming, disclosing and restricting the administrative pow- ers＂, but an important measure of promoting modernization of the national governance system and capacity. It is important to comb through the three components of the power list system, namely the power list, responsibility list and negative list, which involves its understanding, specific organization, implementation and effects. The confusion in understanding this power list system is prone to the bias in the process of specific implementation. Its main functions include streamlining administration and delegating more power to lower-level governments, fi- duciary duty, optimizing and opening power operation process, reducing transaction costs as well as administra- tion according to law. The implementation of the power list system of the government should neither just disclose power lists nor simply act impulsively. Therefore, a correct cognition and new idea is suggested to regard the power list system as a favorable opportunity of system innovation and to solve some difficult problems with an o- verall planning, serious discussion and active construction.