磷肥运筹和试验品种对寒地粳稻干物质积累与转运的影响

Influence of phosphate fertilizer application methods and the testing breeds on the accumulation and translocation of dry matter of japonica rice

试验采用随机区组设计的方法,研究了磷肥运筹和试验品种对寒地粳稻干物质累积与运转的影响。结果表明,不同磷肥运筹和试验品种在各生育时期干物质累积量均存在显著的互作效应。利用Logistic方程能够准确地拟合不同磷肥运筹下干物质积累的动态变化,试验品种对干物质增长速率峰值的影响高于磷肥运筹,磷肥运筹对干物质累积快增期影响占主导作用。相关分析表明,分蘖成穗率、高效叶面积指数、谷草比均与产量成显著正相关。抽穗后干物质累积量、茎秆物质转化率与产量呈显著的正相关。干物质累积量、干物质累积速率曲线和干物质累积曲线的分析表明,品种最佳的磷肥运筹与基因型密切相关,垦稻26、垦系169、垦稻24对应的最佳磷肥运筹方式分别为A1(磷酸二铵120 kg/hm^2100%基施)、A1和A2(磷酸二铵120 kg/hm^260%基施,40%调节肥施)。

A test with randomized block design was conducted to study the influence of phosphate fertilizer application methods and the testing breeds on the accumulation and translocation of the dry matter of japonica rice in cold regions. The resuh showed that different phosphate fertilizer application methods and testing breeds produced obvious interaction effects on the accu- mulation of dry matter in each growth stage. Logistic equation accurately fit the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation un- der different fertilizer application methods. Testing breeds exerted greater influence than the phosphate fertilizer application methods on the largest growth rate. The phosphate fertilizer application methods exerted dominating influence during growth phase. Relevant analyses showed that the tillering rate, high leaf area index and grain-straw ratio had positive correlation with the yield. After the earring, the accumulation amount of dry matter and the conversion rate of stem material had significant positive correlation with the yield. The change of dry matter＇s accumulation amount, accumulation rate curve and accumulation curve showed that the phosphate fertilizer application methods of the best breed were closely related to its genes. The best phos- phate fertilizer application methods for Kendao 26, Kenxi 169 and Kendao 24 were A1 （ diammonium phosphate 120 kg/hm2 base 100% ） , A1 and A2 （ diammonium phosphate 120 kg/hm2 base 60%, adjustiing feitilizer applied 40% ） respectively.