基于致动线模型的风力机尾流场数值研究

Numerical Study of Wind Turbine Wake Modeling Based on Actuator Line Model

针对致动盘模型存在的不足,使用非定常计算,提出了致动线方法,在致动盘模型的基础上改进了体积力的分布方式,利用体积力代替风力机叶片,结合不可压缩N-S方程,采用均匀分布和高斯分布两种不同体积分布方式,在FLUENT中对Nibe A型风机尾流进行模拟计算,研究了尾流区域的速度变化与湍流强度等,并将计算结果与试验数据进行比较。结果表明,体积力的分布方式对致动线方法的计算结果有一定影响,尤其是远尾流区域差异明显,高斯分布下的模拟结果更加接近试验数据,优于均匀分布;致动线方法用于风力机尾流场的计算基本能满足工程需要,但在远尾流场的模拟计算上精度还不够,需结合实际对模型作进一步改进。

The actuator line model（ALM）was proposed on the basis of actuator disc model（ADM）by improving the distribution of volume force against the deficiency of the ADM.ALM uses unsteady calculation method instead of steady calculation.In this paper,the volume force is used to replace the blade of wind turbine,and the Nibe A wind turbine is calculated in fluent with N-S equation.The distribution of velocity and turbulence intensity in the wake field is studied by using uniform distribution and Gauss distribution,and the results are compared with the experimental data.The results show that the distribution of the volume force has impact on the calculation accuracy,especially in the far wake region,and the Gauss distribution is better than the uniform distribution and closer to the experimental data.ALM can meet the engineering requirements for wind turbine flow field calculation,but the accuracy is not enough in the far wake field and the model needs further improvement with actual situation.