城市水资源协调配置问题中双层规划模型及应用

Bi-level Programming Model and Its Application in Coordinated Allocation of Urban Water Resources

为解决水资源配置系统中的不确定性和层次性问题,开发出具有层次关系的双层优化模型,其中以经济效益为上层目标,配水量为下层目标。将所开发的双层优化模型应用于北京市大兴区的水资源配置系统,并运用模糊满意度算法和Lingo软件对模型进行求解。双层优化结果表明,2016、2021、2026年该地区水资源配置系统的经济效益分别达到5.28×10~8、7.42×10~8、8.42×10~8元,配水总量分别达到21 923×10~4、24 768×10~4、26 817×10~4 m^3,相应的COD排放量分别为4 199.2、4 700.3、4 649.1t;其次,82%的水量来源于地表水和南水北调水源。对比双层优化结果与两个单目标优化结果,可为决策者提供不同情景下的优化方案,并为决策者制定水资源配置方案提供决策支持。

To address the uncertainty and hierarchy in water resources allocation system, a bi-level optimization model with hierarchical relationships was developed in this study, which the economic benefit was placed at the upper-level objective and the water resources distribution was placed at the lower-level objective. The model was applied to a case study of Daxing District in Beijing City. And then the developed model was solved by using the fuzzy satisfaction algorithm and Lingo software. Results show that the economic benefit would amount to 5.28×108,7.42×108 and 8.42×108 yuan; the total water resources distribution would achieve 21 923×104,24 768×104 and 26 817×104m3; the corresponding COD emission would reach 4 199.2 t, 4 700.3 t and 4 649.1 t by the periods of 2016, 2021 and 2026, respectively. Moreover, 82% of the water resources come from the surface water and the source of the South-to-North Water transfer. Finally, the bi-level optimization results are compared with the two single objective optimization results, which can provide the decision-making plans under different scenarios.