致使动词的语义地图

The Semantic Map of the Causative Verb

语义地图是语言类型学的一个重要理论,在分析多功能语言形式方面具有其他理论难以替代的作用。它不仅能够清晰直观地展示出某个语言形式的语义分布情况,还具有很强的预测能力。使役动词大多具有丰富的语义,是构建语义地图的一种较为理想的语言形式。本文在语义地图理论指导下,使用了汉语、日语、英语等十种语言材料,分析归纳了各语言中使役动词的语义分布情况,初步建立了人类语言中致使动词的语义地图模型。作为语言共性的一种表现方式,本文所建立的模型展示了人类语言中致使动词语义分布的普遍规律。

The semantic map which not only shows, but also predicates- the semantic distribution of a multifuctional form, is a significant theory of linguistic typology. Causative verbs with rich meanings are ideal forms to constructa semantic map. Under the guidance of the theory of the semantic map, this paper focuses on constructing the semantic map of the causative verb by analyzing ten causative verbs of ten languages/ dialects（Chinese, Japanese, English,etc.）. As a manifestation of language universals, the semantic map constructed in this paper shows the universal ruleof causative verb.