莲雾寒冻害低温等级指标的确定

Determination of cold and freezing injury grade index of wax apple

根据福建、广东、广西、贵州四省(区)2008—2014年的89例莲雾(Syzygium samarangense)寒冻害灾情样本资料,结合莲雾寒冻害形态学标准,采用回归分析方法,初步得到莲雾寒冻害低温等级指标。在此基础上,与地理移置自然低温试验、人工气候箱模拟低温试验及2016年果园灾情调查资料所获取的莲雾形态和生理生态指标变化情况进行检验和验证。结果表明:莲雾寒冻害低温等级指标分别为5级;T_(min)>5.5℃,无寒冻害,正常生长;3.0℃<T_(min)≤5.5℃,轻度;1.0℃<T_(min)≤3.0℃,中度;-1.5℃<T_(min)≤1.0℃,重度;T_(min)≤-1.5℃,极重,不可恢复或死亡;研究的等级指标通过典型年、地理移放试验和人工气候箱致灾试验结果验证准确率达90%以上,可以投入实际应用。

Based on 89 cold and freezing injury sample disaster data of wax apple from 2008 to 2014 in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou provinces, combined with the morphological standard of cold and freezing injury, the grade index of cold and freezing injury for wax apple was preliminarily obtained by using regression analysis method. Accordingly, the grade index was tested and verified by the morphological changes and physiological and ecological standard of wax apple, which were obtained in the geographical transplantation experiment of natural low temperature, the simulated low temperature experiment of artificial climate chamber, and the investigated disaster data of orchards in 2016. The cold and freezing injury grades of wax apple were determined as： Tmin〉5.5 ℃, without cold and freezing injury, normal growth; 3.0 ℃〈Tmin≤5.5 ℃, light injury; 1.0 ℃〈Tmin≤3.0 ℃, moderate injury; -1.5 ℃〈Tmin≤1.0 ℃, severe injury; Tmin≤-1.5 ℃, most severe injury, no recovery or death. The grade index in this study was verified by the results of typical year experiment, geographical transplantation and artificial climate chamber experiment, with accuracy rates of more than 90%, which could be applied in practice.