城市公办学校就读门槛降低对农民工子女随迁的影响——基于样本城市自然实验的分析

The Impact of Lowered Enrollment Thresholds of Urban Public Schools on Children's Migration with Rural Migrant Workers:An Analysis Based on the Natural Experiment in Sample Cities

基于在上海、武汉、沈阳、福州和西安开展的中国城市劳动力调查数据库,借助样本城市逐步降低本市公办学校接收农民工子女就读准入门槛的特征,运用双差分(DID)方法考察了公办中小学就读准入门槛的降低对农民工子女随迁决策的影响。结果发现,西安市作为实验组其降低就读准入门槛的政策促进了农民工子女的随迁;进一步还发现,政策影响在不同群体内的作用机制不同,对于男孩群体、义务教育学龄阶段子女、户主是省内迁移的子女以及老家有祖父(母)的子女其随迁的促进作用会更加明显。

Based on the database of Chinese Urban Labor Market Survey carried out in cities of Shanghai, Wu- han, Shenyang, Fuzhou and Xi＇ an, this paper draws on the characteristics of sample cities where the threshold for accepting children of rural migrant workers into the enrollment of public schools in local cities has been gradually lowered, and employs difference - in - difference （DID） approach to examine the effect of enrollment thresholds lowering at the compulsory education stage of public schools on the decision -making of children＇ s migration with their parents. The findings of the research indicate that if Xi＇ an is considered as an individual test group and serves as a sample, then compared to other cities in the control group with a DID approach, the released local policy on lowering the enrollment threshold for rural migrant workers＇ children to study in public schools will encourage them to follow their parents to the city; the study further indicates that the positive effect of the aforementioned lowering - the - threshold policy for rural migrant workers＇ children in Xi＇ an varies in different groups ： for boys, children within the required age of compulsory education, children of the householders migrating within their provinces and those who have grandparents in their hometown, the said policy plays a more significant role to encourage them to follow their parents.