美国与以色列的安全合作关系探析

An Analysis of US-Israel Relations in Security Cooperation

自1948年以色列建国近70年来,美国与以色列始终保持特殊关系。维系两国特殊关系的重要纽带是双方的安全合作,其载体主要包括美国公开使用的以色列军事设施、美国帮助以色列修建的半公开共享军事设施以及美国在以色列的秘密军事基地。在以色列部署军事存在是美国控制从地中海到红海战略要道的重要手段。经过长期的磨合,美国和以色列双方已形成高度机制化的安全合作关系,战略协作、军事外交和援助以色列成为美、以安全合作的重要内容。地缘政治和地缘经济诉求是双方安全合作的利益基础;相似的自由民主价值观和美国犹太院外集团的游说为两国安全合作奠定了价值基础。然而,受整体与局部、进攻与守成、牵连与抛弃三组矛盾的影响,美国和以色列追求的安全目标存在错位,安全合作遭受阻力。特朗普上台后,美国的中东外交势必实现"再平衡",两国安全合作将达到新的水平。

Throughout almost seven decades since the establishment of the Israel state in 1948, the US and Israel have been keeping a special relationship due to their bilateral security cooperation, including the former＇s open usage of the latter＇ s military facilities, the semi - open Israeli military bases that were built by the US and could be jointly used, and the covert military bases. The US military presence in Israel is a crucial arena for the US to control the strategic route from the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. The Washington - Tel Aviv security cooperation has been increasingly institutionalized through a long- term strategic coordination, military diplomacy, and US aid to Israel. cooperation are their common geopolitical bases are their common Western values American Jewish lobbies. However, the strategic priorities, as revealed in three interests, aggressive vs. conservative The hard bases for the bilateral security and geo -economic pursuits; the soft of liberty and democracy, as well as the US and Israel differ on their respective groups of contradictions： global vs. local policy orientations, and entrapment vs. abandonment concerns. After Donald Trump took presidency in January 2017, the US - Israel security relations are at a crucial crossroad of re - balancing, and Washington and Tel Aviv may usher their security cooperation into a new height after ups and downs during the Obama administration.