战时军粮谁承担?——以国统区叶集军粮案为中心的探讨

Who Bore the Army Provisions during the War of Resistance?——An Exploration Centering on the Yeji Case of Army Provisions in Areas Controlled by the Kuomintang

军粮在战时的重要性,不言而喻。1942年初的叶集军粮案,使我们有机会了解国民政府的军粮征购如何在乡镇层级落地。考察叶集军粮案的意义,在于从个案入手,探讨抗战时期国民政府军粮征购之经纬。更为重要的是,叶集军粮案给我们以深入历史细节的认知机会。一个无可争辩的事实是,叶集军粮的主要承担者,还是镇上有资本、有土地的商家。这一案件提醒我们:国民政府向富裕大户征粮的初衷或遭到抵制与转嫁,地方各级政府的政策执行或有偏差,但军粮征购欲收持久、稳定之成效,需建立在一定的经济基础之上,方为有源之水、有本之木。

The importance of army provisions during the war is self-evident.The Yeji Case of Army Provisions occurred in early1942 gives us a chance to understand how the Nationalist government requisitioned army provisions in levels of towns and villages.The meaning of probing the Yeji Case is that we can explore the process of the Nationalist government requisitioning army provisions during the War of Resistance through case study.More importantly the Yeji Case gives us a chance to deeply understand the historical details.It is indisputable that the main bearers of army provisions in Yeji are businessmen in the town who had capitals and lands.It reminds us that though the original intentions of the Nationalist government to requisition army provisions were probably resisted or transferred,and implementations of all level governments to policies were perhaps deviated,it is obvious that the lasting and stable requisitions of army provisions need a good economic basis.