基于质谱技术的糖蛋白质组学的分析方法及其在癌症研究中的应用

Mass spectrometry-based N-glycoproteomic approaches and their applications in cancer research

蛋白质的糖基化是一种最为重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰。它涉及多种生物途径和分子功能。蛋白质上糖链位点的异常改变与许多疾病有着密切的联系。已确认的癌症生物标志物中超过一半都属于糖蛋白。无论是在疾病的早期检测还是疾病的疗效评价,糖蛋白的糖链都可以作为明确的生物标志物。因此近几年,糖蛋白质组学逐渐成为一个新兴的热点研究领域,并为癌症生物标志物的发现做出了重要的贡献。目前,基于质谱技术的糖蛋白质组学可以实现对上千种糖蛋白的分析,从而获得蛋白糖基化的定性和定量方面的详细信息。本文对近些年糖蛋白质组学研究的方法和技术以及其在癌症研究中的应用进行了总结。

Glycosylation is one of the most important posttranslational modifications of proteins, involved in many biological pathways and molecular function. Abnormal alteration of proteins glycosylation site is closely related to many diseases. More than half of the proven cancer biomarkers are glycosylated proteins. Glycoforms of glycosylated proteins may serve as biomarkers for either the early detection of disease or the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy for treatment of diseases. Therefore, glycoproteomics becomes an emerg- ing field in recent years, which plays critical role for the discovery of biomarkers of cancers. The advances in mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomics realize analysis of thousands of glycosylated proteins to obtain detailed information concerning protein glycosylation in both qualitative and quantitative manners. This paper describes methodologies and technologies for glycoproteomic analysis and briefly summarizes their applications in cancer research.