英格兰足总《精英球员表现计划》解读与启示

Interpretation and Enlightenment of Elite Player Performance Plan of England Football Association

采用文献资料调研、逻辑分析等方法,对英格兰足总颁布的《精英球员表现计划》(EPPP)的制定背景、核心内容进行梳理,从组织构建、训练安排、比赛安排、球员管理4个方面详细论述英格兰职业足球后备人才培养的特点。研究结果表明:EPPP是一个全面的并具有基准性质的文件,是对《质量章程》的继承和发展;EPPP构建了一个"4级3段"的青训体系,所有的青训工作安排都围绕"4级3段"的分级模式来开展;新的青训体系提供了业余制、混合制和全日制3种培养模式,不同级别足院通过不同的培养模式组合来完成培养目标;为了保障培养质量,EPPP秉承"规范化"的发展理念来开展青训工作。结合我国当前职业足球发展的现状从5个方面阐述了对我国的启示:1)以职业俱乐部为核心布局青训网络;2)走规范化发展道路;3)构建足校分级体系;4)完善球员管理制度;5)推行青训教练员资格认定、培训和考核制度。

By using literature reviewand logic analysis,we analyze Elite Player Performance Plan which is presented by England FA. By analysis EPPP,we catch the classification system,training system,game program,player management of England newyoungster training system. The research shows that the content of EPPP is comprehensive and fiducial and EPPP not only inherits but also develops the Charter for Quality. The newyouth system has 4 classifications and contains 3phases of young players＇ developments on which all of youth training affairs are based The newyouth system has three training models,there are part time,hybrid and full time. Every academy can achieve its goal through different training model combination. EPPP pay more attention to regulating the training process instead of expanding academic scale. Furthermore,we illustrate the enlightenment of EPPP： 1） A youth system must be established base on professional football club; 2） We should normalize the development of youth system; 3） A classified system must be carried out; 4） M anagement system must be perfected; 5） Qualification authentication of youth coach should be implemented.