不同运动状态下鳙幼鱼的游泳特性研究

Study on swimming performance of juvenile bighead carp at different actuating state

为了探究鱼类反复运动疲劳后游泳能力和游泳行为的变化,以鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)幼鱼为研究对象,利用环形水槽实验装置,采用流速递增法,通过LoliTrack视频软件分析鱼类游泳行为,研究不同运动状态下鳙幼鱼的游泳特性变化情况。结果表明,鳙幼鱼疲劳前耗氧率随游泳速度的增大显著增加,且临界游泳速度恢复过程中最大耗氧率小于突进游泳速度恢复过程中最大耗氧率。视频分析显示,摆尾频率与游泳速度呈线性正相关关系。同时发现,在2组反复疲劳运动状态下,连续进行2次临界游泳速度测定过程中,鳙幼鱼频繁使用爆发-滑行游泳行为,而在经过突进游泳速度测试后转入临界游泳速度测定过程中,实验鱼并未使用这一游泳行为。经过一次临界游泳速度测试后,第二次临界游泳速度显著大于突进游泳速度测试后的临界游泳速度(P<0.05),第一次突进游泳速度与第二次突进游泳速度无显著差异(P>0.05)。无氧运动消耗导致鳙幼鱼有氧运动能力显著下降,而有氧运动消耗过程对无氧运动能力无显著影响。

nobilis′ swimming capability by increasing velocity with mobile Brett-type swim tunnels by LoliTrack, and then assessed the swimming capability of juveniles at different actuating state. Results show that the oxygen consumption rate （MO2） before swiming fatigue increased with swimming speed significantly. The burst swimming speed MO2 was higher than the critical swimming speed MO2. Video analysis displays that there was significant linear correlation between tail beat frequency and swimming speed. Meanwhile, the juveniles showed burst-coast behavior continuously for two tests at the critical swimming speed in the two groups of repeat fatigue. However, during the transition from the test of burst swinmming speed to the test of critical swimming speed, the juveniles did not show that behavior. After the test of the first critical swimming speed, the second critical swimming speed was higher than that of the test of burst swimming speed. Neither of the burst swimming speed in two tests had significant difference. Anaerobic exercise consumption of bighead carp led to significant decrease of aerobic swimming performance, and aerobic exercise had no effect on anaerobic exercise.