煤液化沥青制备超级活性炭及其气体吸附特性

Preparation and Gas Adsorption of Super Activated Carbons Derived from Coal Liquefaction Asphaltene

使用KOH作为活化剂,以煤液化沥青为碳源,制得比表面积在3 000m^2/g以上的活性炭材料.使用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、氮气吸附和脱附等方法对炭材料的物理化学特性进行了表征.结果表明:煤液化沥青基活性炭(ACCLA)对H_2,CH_4和CO_2的吸附量最高分别为24.85 mmol/g(77 K,400kPa),4.62 mmol/g(298 K,400kPa)和3.57 mmol/g(298 K,100kPa),发现超级活性炭在气体吸附方面表现出优异的性能和良好的应用前景;同时,对多孔结构特性与吸附量之间的对应关系进行了讨论.发现在测试条件下,H_2在吸附量受材料比表面积大小影响很大,而对于CH_4和CO_2孔径尺寸的作用更显著.

Activated carbons were prepared with coal liquefaction asphaltene as carbon source.After the optimization of the synthesis process,activated carbons with specific surface area more than 3 000m^2/g was successfully obtained.The physical and chemical characteristics of activated carbons from coal liquefaction asphaltene（ACCLA）were also investigated with X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscope（SEM）and nitrogen adsorption-desorption methods.The adsorption of H2,CH4 and CO2on these activated carbons were also tested,the relationship between the texture properties and adsorption capacity was discussed.The asprepared samples show excellent performance and good application prospects in gas adsorption.It is found that the maximum adsorption of H2,CH4 and CO2is 24.85mmol/g（77K,400kPa）,4.62mmol/g（298K,400kPa）and 3.57mmol/g（298K,100kPa）,respectively.The relationship between the texture properties and adsorption was also discussed.Under test conditions,it is found that the adsorption of H2 is greatly influenced by the specific surface area of the material,and the pore size has a more significant effect on the adsorption of CH4 and CO2.