良性阵发性位置性眩晕快速诊断问卷的制订及评价

Formulation and evaluation of diagnostic questionnaire for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

目的制订并评价良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）快速诊断问卷。方法根据BPPV的核心临床表现制订BPPV快速诊断问卷。收集2015年10月至2016年3月期间在海军总医院神经内科头晕与眩晕门诊就诊头晕患者235例[平均年龄（56±16）岁]完成BPPV快速诊断问卷。随后由两名头晕专家明确诊断及随访修正诊断。使用SPSS19．0软件评估该量表的信度、效度；应用受试者工作曲线（ROC）的方法，确定该问卷诊断BPPV的截点。结果信度检验：问卷内部一致性分析克朗巴赫a系数为0．644。结构效度：KMO值为0．711；取特征根〉0．9的因子2个，总累积贡献率为53．816％，各条目负荷〉0．5。该问卷得分范围为0—6分，得分为3分时诊断BPPV的ROC曲线面积最大（0．894），灵敏度及特异度分别为92．45％和71．60％。结论BPPV快速诊断问卷具有良好的信度和效度，可用来作为头晕患者快速诊断BPPV的工具；问卷评分≥3分时，可拟诊为BPPV。

Objective To formulate and evaluate a rapid assessment questionnaire for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo（BPPV）. Methods The rapid assessment questionnaire for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo was developed based on the core clinical manifestations of BPPV. A total of 235 dizzy patients, with an average age of 56 ± 16, were recruited from the Navy General Hospital during October 2015 to March 2016. The assessments were made by two specialists for BPPV, and the diagnoses were confirmed through follow-up. The reliability and validity of the scale questionnaire were analyzed with the SPSS 19. 0 and the cutoff point was confirmed with the Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis. Results Reliability test ： Cronbach ct value for the questionnaire was 0. 644 ; Validity ： KMO （ Kasier-Meyer-Olkin ） value for the questionnaire was 0. 711. Two factors were used with a characteristic root of higher than 0. 9. The total cumulative contribution rate was 53. 816%. The load of each item was over 0. 5. The range of the scale is 0 to 6 points, with the largest ROC curve area （ 0. 894 ） at 3 points for the diagnosis of BPPV. The relative sensitivity and specialty were 92. 45% and 71.60% , respectively. Conclusions This rapid assessment questionnaire for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo posses good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool for a quick diagnosis of BPPV for patients with dizziness. BPPV can be diagnosed with a score of 3 by usinK this questionnaire.